Germany has passed transport mandates for renewable fuels that are more ambitious than EU requirements, targeting 1.5% by 2030 and 3% by 2032.

Shell is proceeding with the development of a green hydrogen project in the Netherlands.

Martin Tengler of Bloomberg NEF asserts that achieving net-zero emissions by 2050 is not realistic for most regions.

CF Industries is exporting blue ammonia from the United States to Japan, where it will be co-fired in coal power plants.

The recent surge in stock prices for fuel cell manufacturers like Bloom Energy is driven by demand for their natural gas-powered units to supply data centers, not by demand for hydrogen.

The European Union has a target to use 20 million tons of clean hydrogen by 2030, with 10 million tons produced domestically and 10 million tons imported.

Martin Tengler predicts the European Union will fail to achieve even 10% of its 20 million ton clean hydrogen target for 2030.

The European Union's Refuel EU Aviation mandate requires airlines to use sustainable aviation fuels, but compliance is low as airlines lobby for the rules to be watered down ahead of a 2027 review.

China has included hydrogen as one of seven key technologies in its 15th Five-Year Plan, signaling increased state-level support for the sector.

Many large-scale electrolyzer projects in China are built as "projects for beautification" to secure permits for wind farms and are never intended to be operated.

Bloomberg NEF sees potential upside to its hydrogen forecast for China, making it one of the few markets with a positive outlook.

Martin Tengler of Bloomberg NEF believes the hydrogen market is at or near the bottom of a "trough of disillusionment" following a period of intense hype.

The volume of stalled or canceled clean hydrogen projects is now approximately three times larger than the capacity that has been committed, is under construction, or is operational.

Globally, 230 million tons of annual clean hydrogen production capacity has been announced, but only 0.8 million tons, or 0.3%, is currently operational.

Even with a $3 per kilogram production tax credit, green hydrogen in the United States is not cost-competitive with gray hydrogen due to a lack of demand-side incentives.

As of mid-2024, only 13 of 27 European Union member states have passed national laws to implement EU mandates for renewable fuels in transport and industry, a year after the deadline.

Bloomberg NEF forecasts that 4.9 million tons of annual green and blue hydrogen production capacity will be online by 2030, a downward revision from a previous forecast of 5.5 million tons.

India is another market, alongside China, where Bloomberg NEF sees potential upside to its hydrogen forecast, driven by low costs and government policy supporting domestic use in fertilizers.

Bloomberg NEF forecasts that steelmaking will become the largest new user of clean hydrogen in a future net-zero economy.

Bloomberg NEF forecasts the United States will be the largest clean hydrogen market by 2030, with approximately 1.2 million tons of capacity, consisting mostly of blue hydrogen.