Don Lincoln predicts that a theory of everything will not be discovered within his lifetime or the lifetimes of his grandchildren, suggesting it is hundreds of years away.

In the 1860s, James Clerk Maxwell unified the phenomena of electricity and magnetism into a single set of laws known as electromagnetism.

The antimatter proton was discovered in 1955 at the Berkeley Bevatron accelerator.

Fermilab ceased antiproton production in 2011 after shutting down its large accelerator to concentrate on different areas of particle physics.

The ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider is 150 feet long, 80 feet across, and weighs 7,000 tons.

Isaac Newton's Law of Universal Gravity unified the concepts of celestial gravity, which governs the heavens, and terrestrial gravity, which is experienced on Earth.

In 1908, Hermann Minkowski formalized the concept of spacetime based on Albert Einstein's equations.

A Grand Unified Theory (GUT) in physics aims to merge the electroweak force and the strong nuclear force into a single force, leaving gravity separate.

Loop quantum gravity is a theory of quantum gravity and does not attempt to be a theory of everything by including all known fundamental forces.

String theory predicts the existence of a zero-mass spin-2 particle, which is identifiable as the graviton, making it a candidate for a theory of everything that includes gravity.

Albert Einstein originally postulated a repulsive force, which he called the cosmological constant, to counterbalance gravity in a static universe, but later retracted it after Edwin Hubble discovered...

Experiments in the 1990s, such as Macho and OGLE, searched for dark matter in the form of black holes and other massive compact halo objects but did not find enough to account for observed gravitation...

The Dragonfly 2 and Dragonfly 4 galaxies rotate according to standard Newtonian laws, suggesting they lack dark matter, which provides strong evidence that dark matter is a real substance that can be ...

The Bullet Cluster, an observation of two colliding galaxy clusters, provides strong evidence for the existence of dark matter because gravitational lensing effects are observed where the galaxies are...

Hermann Minkowski, a teacher of Albert Einstein, formalized the concept of spacetime in 1908 by mathematically interpreting Einstein's equations.

The CMS detector at the Large Hadron Collider measures 70 feet long, 50 feet high, 50 feet wide, and weighs 14,000 tons.

At 10^-12 seconds after the Big Bang, the Higgs field is theorized to have activated as the universe cooled, giving mass to weak force particles in a process called electroweak symmetry breaking.

The initial 2012 discovery of the Higgs boson was not definitive and did not rule out alternative theories like supersymmetry, which predicted the existence of five Higgs bosons.

The data processing system at the Large Hadron Collider uses fast electronics to select about 100,000 events per second from an initial 40 million, which are then passed to a computer farm that record...

Isaac Newton unified the principles of celestial gravity, which governs the heavens, and terrestrial gravity, which is experienced on Earth, into a single theory of universal gravity.