Keep pulling the thread on Philip Goff.
Galileo designed science to be purely mathematical, which required him to take consciousness outside of the domain of science by dividing nature into a quantitative domain for science and a qualitative domain for the soul.
Physicist Sabine Hossenfelder has argued that if consciousness were a new fundamental property alongside existing physical properties, it would likely show up in experiments and potentially falsify the Standard Model of particle physics.
The Penrose-Hameroff theory proposes that consciousness emerges from the collapse of the wave function, which is the reverse of the Wigner-Chalmers-McQueen hypothesis where consciousness causes the collapse.
Integrated Information Theory (IIT) is philosophically close to panpsychism because it posits that consciousness can exist in the inanimate world.
Neuroscientist Christof Koch publicly conceded a 25-year-old bet to philosopher David Chalmers, acknowledging that science has not yet identified the agreed-upon neural correlates of consciousness.
A recent paper by Tom McClelland of Cambridge University argues for permanent agnosticism on whether consciousness is a biological or computational phenomenon.
Philip Goff is skeptical that large language models or similar systems will become conscious.
Philip Goff believes that artificial consciousness is possible in principle, but it will likely first emerge in artificial living systems, like an artificial microbe, rather than in systems resembling large language models.
In a 2015 experiment by Cammertz and Cammertz, ants with a blue dot on their face would try to remove the mark when shown a mirror, suggesting a form of self-awareness.
Philip Goff predicts that within 10 years, there will be robots that can behave and converse like humans, though they may not be conscious.
A recent paper by philosopher Mathias Michel argues that it is not obvious that consciousness is required for complex mechanistic functions, such as self-monitoring, that are often used as tests for consciousness.
Philip Goff hypothesizes that the evolution of consciousness can only be explained if it involves "strong emergence," where consciousness creates new causal behaviors not predictable from underlying chemistry and physics, thus providing a distinct survival advantage.